Helicopters are true flying machines helicopters can take off and land without the need for a runway the helicopter can hover in the air and also perform three hundred and sixty degree maneuvers, this article will reveal the complicated and science side behind the most helicopters after knowing the physics behind most helicopters You will also understand why helicopter pilots are said to do such a complicated job.
Helicopters use the foil principle to generate lift when the propeller rotates relative to the air in the form of rpl, in particular it will generate lift and make it fly.
The fuel is burned in pressurized air and the exhaust heat exhaust leaves the combustion chamber through a series of turbine stages and makes it spin, there are two sets of turbines, one set of turbines rotates the compressor and after that rotates the rotor shaft of the helicopter, aircraft jet engines are used to generate thrust but The main function of a helicopter jet engine is to rotate the rotor shaft.
The most challenging part in operating a helicopter is the control it means how the helicopter can fly forwards how the helicopter can fly backwards sideways or how the helicopter can turn the answer is quite simple just turn the helicopter in the direction you want and just fly.
If the helicopter is in an inclined position the force generated by the propeller is not vertical the horizontal component of this force will make the helicopter move in the desired direction the vertical component of the propeller force will balance the force of gravity, now the real challenge is how to turn the helicopter towards the desired direction .
To learn the science behind helicopter rotation we need to learn more about the foil principle, the lift generated by the foil varies with the angle of incidence formed generally the larger the data angle the greater the pull force, now think for a moment what happens if one propeller is on one certain angle of incidence and others are at different angles of incidence.
The lifting force acting on the propeller will be different in this case the variation in lift will inevitably result in a torque that can rotate the helicopter, you can observe the beautiful motion of the propeller required to achieve this non-uniform distribution of lift, it is clear that the blades must be continuously change the angle of the data so that at a certain point the angle of incidence is always the same.
The complicated motion of the vane is easy to do with the swiss plate mechanism, let's have a clear look and understand the basic components first, the bottom of the private plate doesn't rotate but can move and tilt as it is attached, the top of the los hooker is fixed on the bottom platform with bearings , so the upper private plate cannot follow all the movements of the lower suez plate while at the same time being able to rotate independently.
The upper flat shoes are attached to the rotor shaft with the help of pauds, so the upper flat shoes will move along with the propeller, the propeller is connected to the upper platform with the help of the control rod, what is interesting about this arrangement is that only by tilting the lower flat shoes we will be able to achieving the criteria of varying blade angles, it could mean that by tilting these flat shoes we can always maintain a positive angle of incidence at the rear and a negative angle of incidence at the front of the rotor disc.
In short flat shoes that tilt back will produce torque as they are stuck, this kind of control is known as batch secretary let's go back to basic helicopter controls, how this torque affects helicopter motion, the most obvious answer is the helicopter will go forward and move as attached, unfortunately this answer is totally wrong.
The fact that happens is the helicopter will turn sideways as it is attached very clearly this is a strange effect by applying torque in one direction to a rotating object object turning in a different direction this effect is known as gyroscope precision base gross precision coffee is not a new physical phenomenon if you apply the second law of motion of millions carefully to a rotating object you will be able to predict this phenomenon.
According to new ton's second law, the force is the rate of change in linear shape and torque is the rate of change in the angle. Let's take a closer look at this rotating propeller. The propeller has angular momentum as it is stuck now. Assume that the helicopter is tilted as it is stuck due to torsion. if you vectorly subtract the first angular momentum from the second you can figure out the torque required for this operation it is interesting to note that in order to make the helicopter go forward the torque applied should be sideways.
That means to tilt the helicopter forward the private plate has to tilt sideways like it's stuck, you can verify again from new town's second law of motion that if you keep the front at a negative angle of incidence and the back at a positive angle of incidence then the helicopter will only move sideways. pis gyroscope precession is a really interesting phenomenon.
However this phenomenon is strictly in accordance with the second millionth law of motion if you just lift the bottom suez plate without tilting it you can see how the angle of incidence of the three blades will vary by the same amount this means that the lift force of the helicopter will be the same across all three blades and the helicopter can move up or down without giving it control of the propeller as this is known as the collective figure.
If you have ever seen a helicopter you must have seen the tail rotor every helicopter rotor needs this tail rotor for effective operation without the tail rotor the cross section of the helicopter body will rotate as it is attached, this is due to the consequences of the third law of attraction, to understand it let us focus on the part rotor force transmission, we know the rotor gets the rotational force through the bfo gear connected to the engine.
The engine devil gear transmits the force of the gear rotor behavior as if it is stuck, but according to Gregetan's law all three rotor gears must transmit a force equal to and opposite to the engine gears this reaction force will make the entire helicopter rotate against the rotation of the propeller along the helicopter's center of gravity , the function of the tail rotor is to prevent the helicopter from turning like that by generating a force on the tail.
By adjusting the batch angle of the tail rotor blades correctly the pilot will easily manipulate the force generated by means of this tail rotor so that the helicopter jo motion can also be obtained, all the laws of physics behind the operation of this helicopter prove that flying a helicopter is a true task. challenge.
Minute variations in propeller angle result in large variations in helicopter behavior, often the pilot must perform two or more operations simultaneously to achieve the desired movement, in addition the helicopter does not respond to your input instantly so the pilot must have good balance and coordination to feed the helicopter properly, thank you.
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