Have you ever thought why the shape of the train wheel is conical, not perfectly straight. Let us examine the details of this simple but genius invention. The train is not perfectly cylindrical but slightly conical, in our opinion this conical shape is an engineering marvel that accomplishes two main things, one corrects the direction of the train towards the center 2 helps the train achieve differential action to understand the first reach.
Let's do a simple experiment with these glued paper cups then rolled on the track you can see that the cups are moving perfectly straight now how about this circuit it is glued in the opposite way when I roll the cup on the same track yes it fails to roll
Rail missiles use this kind of conical shape this angle ensures that the Wheel never leaves the track but the question is Why does this cone arrangement produce a self-centring force to understand how we need to examine the force acting on the wheel
During a straight line motion the principal force acting on the wheel is shown here The reaction force will always be perpendicular to the surface of the cone for some reason now imagine for some reason the wheel is moving to the right one interesting thing happens to a train wheel as it moves along its axis what you notice it if you do a force analysis in this condition you can see that there will be a net force to the left this will bring the wheel automatically to its center closer to the center of force the self centering will be lost a simple but Brilliant technique to center the wheel on yourself instead of the lens mounted on both have a little fun
Let's imagine the wheels of the train are at these opposite angles if you do the analysis of the same forces during a proper displacement you can see the net force produced by the male is going to the right this is why for this geometry the wheels of the train are always thrown off the track now let us explore the second reason for giving cone shape to the wheel with this conical shape the technicians are able to achieve differential action eg the train has to turn as shown here the left wheel has to travel more distance than the right wheel
But if the wheels are connected using the same axle How can one wheel cover more distance than the other missile this is where the cone shape comes into play to do this turning the wheel will cause it to slide slightly to the left you examine the contact points of the wheels the left wheel has a higher radius from the right wheel
In short for the same angular rotation the left wheel will travel a longer distance and perform differential action to perform differential action on the car the technicians have to separate the wheels and rotate them under different speeds here they perform differential action just by giving the wheel a conical shape it attracts not
The wheel will generate an automatic force to the right as we saw earlier therefore the wheel will not slide back to center when turning we respect the Brilliant technicians who achieved two major engineering goals just by proving a little rattling on the wheel Thanks for watching see you next time
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